Brake for vessels.



Patented im@ 28, w1?,

Wwf

A. F. MIGEUCOLA. BRAM for: vssELs.

APPLICATION FILI-ID NOV-1,1916.

LX m anced type; its post D1 nutren srarns ramener marron.

ACHILLES F. ANGELlcoLA, OF NEW YORK, Y..

BRAKE FOR VESSELS.

Application nled November 1, 1916.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that l, ACHILLEs F. ANGELI- com, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, in the county and State of New .Yorln have invented a certain new and useful .improvement in Brakes for Vessels, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to means for arresting the forward movement of vessels in avoiding collisions and like accidents, and particularly vessels driven by screw propellers.

The object of the invention is to provide simple, easily operated means whereby the vessel may be quickly but gently stopped and its direction of movement reversed.

The invention consists in certain novel features of construction and arrangements of parts by which the above objects are attained, to be hereinafter described and claimed. l

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specilication and show an approved means for-carrying out the invention.

Figure l is a side view of the stern of a vessel equipped in accordance with the invention.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the same.

Fig. 3 is a rear elevationof the vessel.

Similar letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.

The invention is based on the discovery that a plate or other obstructive surface carried by the vessel and presented in rear of the propeller, in the propeller stream, will change the direction of such stream by deflecting it forwardly, and by the reaction of such stream thus reversed, upon such plate or obstruction, arrest the forward movement of the vessel and immediately thereafter drive it astern without a reversal of the propeller gr changing its rate of revolution.

Such plate or obstruction may be variously arranged to be quickly disposed in the propeller stream when desired. lin the arrangement shown in the drawings a rudder is employed for this purpose, serving also to steer the vessel.

A is the hull of the vessel and B the stern portion having an opening'as usual for the propeller C. The rudder D is of the balis stepped in a rearwardly prolonged foot B1 of the keel or otherwise reliably supported, and extends Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 28, 1915.7.

serial No. 128,309.

upwardly into the stern overhang where it may be understood to be coimccted as usual to any suitable steering gear bywhich the rudder may be swung.

WVhen the rudder is at any angle amidships it performs its usual function of steering the vessel, but when set squarely athwartships it presents an obstructive sur face .in the path of the propeller stream, at a right angle thereto, upon which the stream reacts against the dead water ahead on each side of the vessel, in opposition to the for ward momentum of the vessel, and quickly but gradually stops such forward movement, followed by a movement astern at a rate of speed determined by the difference between the force of such reaction and the drag or opposition of the rudder to the rearward movement.

The propeller stream under normal conditions of driving the ship is indicated approximately by the dotted lines in Figs. l and t2, and the reaction stream is indicated by the short arrows in Fig. 2.

The momentum of the propeller .stream when met by the face of the rudder or other obstruction becomes applied to the surface of such obstruction and in reversing itself tends to push the obstruction back, and as the obstruction is attached to the vessel, drags the latter in the direction the obstruction is driven.

My experiments indicate that the most effective location of the obstruction, in this case the rudder-face, is about one diameter of the propeller in rear of the latter; the width of the rudder or obstruction about two diameters of the propeller; extends about one-half such diameter below the a axial line of the propeller shaft, and one Isuch diameter above such axial line. These rudder'shown, but the latter is preferred for the reason that it avoids the expense and inconvenience of additional apparatus.

The rapidity of the arresting action is determined by the relative speed of the propeller stream and the distance between the rear face of the propeller and the face of the obstruction; the greater this distance the slower will be the action.

An increase in the speed of the propeller stream lessens the diameter of such stream immediately in rear of the propeller and permits a corresponding reduction in the area of the obstruction required to intercept sach lstream7 and also induces quicker action.

' l claim:-

l. ln a brake for propeller-driven vessels.

a plate carried by the vessel and extended to both sides of its pivot and. located in the propeller stream in rear of the propeller and normally extended in the direction of the length of the vessel, arranged to permit a normallyrv unobstructed rear\\'ard How of such Istream. and to be disposed transversely ot' such stream at a right angle to the axial line ol said propeller to intercept such flow and reverse the direction of said Stream when required.

ln a brake lfor propeller-driven vessels, a balanced rudder carried by the vessel and located in the propeller stream in rear of the propeller7 arranged normally to steer the vessel and permit a relatively unobstructed flow of such stream, and be disposed transversely of such stream to inter'- cept such flow and reverse the direction of such stream when required.

3. In a brake for propeller-driven vessels, a balanced rudder carried by the vessel. loL cated in rear of the propeller in the pro peller strean'i and having an area suflieienl to intercept the entire stream and reverse the latter.

l. In a. brake for propeller-driven vessels, a balanced rudder carried by the vessel, located .n rear of the propeller ata distance therefrom of approximately one diameter thereof, having a width of approximately two such diameters, and a height above the axial line of' said propeller of approximately one such diameter', and adapted to be disposed transversely of such propeller stream.

In testimony that I claim the invention above set forth I afix my signature.

ACHILLES F. ANGELICOLA.-f1 l l 

